4 квартал 2024

Бешенство: профилактика и меры предосторожности

В связи с участившимися случаями общения взрослых и детей с оставленными без присмотра животными, Минздрав напоминает – любое животное может болеть бешенством!

Бешенство – опасное заболевание, которым болеют животные и люди. По данным Всемирной организации здравоохранения бешенство распространено на территориях большинства стран мира.

В Республике Беларусь ежегодно регистрируются случаи заболевания бешенством среди животных: диких (лисы, енотовидные собаки, волки и др.), домашних (собаки, кошки) и сельскохозяйственных (крупный рогатый скот, лошади, мелкий рогатый скот), что существенно повышает риск возникновения случаев бешенства среди населения.

Вызывает обеспокоенность рост числа случаев массового (с числом пострадавших 5 и более человек) контакта с больными бешенством животными. Чаще всего такие случаи регистрируются по причине контакта с собаками и кошками, а также не привитым крупным рогатым скотом.

В целях предупреждения заражения бешенством необходимо:

·         соблюдать установленные правила содержания домашних животных (собак, кошек) и ежегодно, в обязательном порядке, предоставлять своих питомцев в ветеринарное учреждение для проведения профилактических прививок против бешенства;

·         при появлении у животного симптомов, не исключающих бешенство, а также в случаях изменения поведения домашнего животного, получения им повреждений от другого животного, смерти без видимых на то причин обязательно обращаться к ветеринарному специалисту для установления 10 дневного наблюдения за животным или выяснения причины его смерти;

·         исключить контакты с животными, особенно дикими и/или безнадзорными.

ВАЖНО ПОМНИТЬ: как правило, здоровые дикие животные избегают встречи с человеком. И если такое животное появляется в населенном пункте, можно предположить, что оно больно бешенством. Нужно принять все меры личной предосторожности и обеспечения безопасности для себя и своих близких. Не рекомендуется забирать с улицы бездомных либо больных животных. Если вы забрали животное с улицы — найдите возможность в короткий срок показать питомца ветеринарному врачу и сделать животному профилактическую прививку против бешенства.

В случаях, когда контакта (укус, оцарапывание, ослюнение) с животным, даже внешне здоровым, избежать не удалось, необходимо:

·         провести первичную обработку места контакта – тщательно промыть струей воды с мылом;

·         при наличии повреждения – после промывания с мылом обработать края раны 5% настойкой йода/повидон-йодом/любым спиртосодержащим антисептиком;

·         наложить стерильную повязку и немедленно (в течение суток после контакта) обратиться в медицинское учреждение. Только врач (хирург, травматолог) оценит риск возможного заражения вирусом бешенства и назначит, при необходимости, прививочный курс.

Очень важно одновременно с обращением к врачу (по возможности) изолировать животное и вызвать специалиста ветеринарной службы для консультации и организации ветеринарного наблюдения, срок которого составляет 10 дней с момента контакта.

Помните, что бешенство – это абсолютно смертельное заболевание. Единственным эффективным средством профилактики является своевременное оказание антирабической помощи лицам, пострадавшим от контакта с животным, в том числе проведение иммунизации против бешенства.

Материал взят с сайта Министерства здравоохранения Республики Беларусь

15.11.2024

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19 thoughts on “Бешенство: профилактика и меры предосторожности

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